{"id":264513,"date":"2023-06-21T14:52:53","date_gmt":"2023-06-21T20:52:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/massalud.facmed.unam.mx\/?p=264513"},"modified":"2023-06-21T15:10:52","modified_gmt":"2023-06-21T21:10:52","slug":"todo-lo-que-debes-saber-sobre-la-hepatitis-a-y-como-protegerte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/massalud.facmed.unam.mx\/index.php\/todo-lo-que-debes-saber-sobre-la-hepatitis-a-y-como-protegerte\/","title":{"rendered":"Todo lo que debes saber sobre la hepatitis A y c\u00f3mo protegerte"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb min_height=\u00bb2650.8px\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb47px|||||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb min_height=\u00bb1223.5px\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb2px|||||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/massalud.facmed.unam.mx\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Hepatitis-A-info.jpeg\u00bb title_text=\u00bbHepatitis A info\u00bb show_in_lightbox=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=\u00bb4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb min_height=\u00bb1153.3px\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb|auto|-118px|auto||\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.21.0&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb|||12px||\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Nota: Brenda Portillo<br \/>Ilustraci\u00f3n: Gabriel Espinosa\u00a0<span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La hepatitis A es una <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">infecci\u00f3n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> hep\u00e1tica com\u00fan <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">en M\u00e9xico<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> causada por el virus de la hepatitis A (VHA). Se ha identificado que existen <strong>grupos de riesgo<\/strong> m\u00e1s propensos a esta enfermedad, como personas viajeras, consumidoras de drogas, con enfermedades hep\u00e1ticas cr\u00f3nicas <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">y VIH<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, que se encuentran en asilos y guarder\u00edas,\u00a0 personal de salud y hombres que tienen sexo con hombres.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Los<strong> s\u00edntomas<\/strong> iniciales de la hepatitis A suelen aparecer alrededor de un mes despu\u00e9s de la infecci\u00f3n e incluyen <strong>fatiga, n\u00e1useas, v\u00f3mitos, falta de apetito, fiebre y dolor abdominal en el cuadrante superior derecho<\/strong>. A medida que pasa el tiempo, pueden surgir otros signos como orina oscura (bilirrubinuria), heces p\u00e1lidas (carentes de pigmento bilirrub\u00ednico), ictericia (tinte amarillo en la piel) y prurito (sensaci\u00f3n de picaz\u00f3n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">). El <strong>periodo de incubaci\u00f3n puede durar de 15 a 45 d\u00edas<\/strong>, dos semanas antes de iniciar con s\u00edntomas y hasta una semana<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> despu\u00e9s de la aparici\u00f3n de la ictericia, las personas <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">son altamente<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> contagiosas, por lo que se recomienda el aislamiento hasta que la fiebre y la ictericia hayan desaparecido.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cabe<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> destacar que no existe un <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>tratamiento<\/strong> espec\u00edfico contra<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> el virus de la hepatitis A, por lo que el manejo de la enfermedad se centra <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">en cuidados<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> en casa, que incluyen descanso. En la mayor\u00eda de los casos, la enfermedad tiende a mejorar por s\u00ed sola. Aproximadamente seis meses despu\u00e9s de contraer la infecci\u00f3n, se experimenta una mejor\u00eda completa sin secuelas hep\u00e1ticas. Durante el per\u00edodo de recuperaci\u00f3n, se recomienda evitar el consumo de alcohol y ciertos medicamentos, como el paracetamol, a menos que sea indicado por un m\u00e9dico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Con el fin de prevenir la propagaci\u00f3n de la hepatitis A, se han establecido diversas <strong>medidas preventivas<\/strong>. Estas incluyen <strong>evitar el contacto directo al saludar, mantener una adecuada higiene de manos, especialmente despu\u00e9s de ir al ba\u00f1o, cambiar pa\u00f1ales, tocar la basura o ropa sucia, as\u00ed como antes de preparar alimentos y comer.<\/strong> Tambi\u00e9n se recomiendan <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">medidas de higiene y sanidad al preparar y conservar los alimentos<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, incluyendo el consumo de leche pasteurizada, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lavado y desinfecci\u00f3n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> de frutas y verduras, almacenar los alimentos a temperaturas adecuadas (4,4\u00baC o menos en el refrigerador y el congelador a no m\u00e1s de -17,8\u00baC), separar alimentos crudos de los cocidos, evitar guardar <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">alimentos preparados por tiempo prolongado, lavar los utensilios despu\u00e9s de su uso, as\u00ed como, preferir locales de comida establecidos y comida caliente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Adem\u00e1s, la <strong>vacunaci\u00f3n <\/strong>contra el virus de la hepatitis A es una medida efectiva para prevenir la enfermedad. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se recomienda un esquema de dos dosis en ni\u00f1os a partir de los doce meses y de dos o tres dosis en adultos con factores de alto riesgo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">REFERENCIAS:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UptoDate: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www-uptodate-com.pbidi.unam.mx:2443\/contents\/hepatitis-a-virus-infection-in-adults-epidemiology-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis\/contributors\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Michelle Lai, MD, MPH<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www-uptodate-com.pbidi.unam.mx:2443\/contents\/hepatitis-a-virus-infection-in-adults-epidemiology-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis\/contributors\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sanjiv Chopra, MD, MACP<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hepatitis A virus infection in adults: Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Updated 2022. Last review 2023.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UptoDate: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www-uptodate-com.pbidi.unam.mx:2443\/contents\/hepatitis-a-virus-infection-in-adults-epidemiology-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis\/contributors\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Michelle Lai, MD, MPH<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www-uptodate-com.pbidi.unam.mx:2443\/contents\/hepatitis-a-virus-infection-in-adults-epidemiology-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis\/contributors\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sanjiv Chopra, MD, MACP<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hepatitis A virus infection: Treatment and prevention<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Updated 2023. Last review 2023.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jean-Michel Pawlotsk. Cap. 139: <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hepatitis viral aguda<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. En: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www-clinicalkey-es.pbidi.unam.mx:2443\/#!\/browse\/book\/3-s2.0-C2019104870X\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Goldman-Cecil. Tratado de medicina interna<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. 2021. 26\u00aa ed. Elsevier. Espa\u00f1a. 960-967pp<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">GPC <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diagn\u00f3stico y tratamiento de la hepatitis A<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. M\u00e9xico. Secretar\u00eda de Salud, 2009<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">REVISI\u00d3N:\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: normal; color: #000000; font-family: inherit;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: inherit; font-weight: normal;\">Dr. Jorge Baruch D\u00edaz Ram\u00edrez, Jefe de la Cl\u00ednica del Viajero de la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAM\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00bfConoces los riesgos de la hepatitis A y c\u00f3mo prevenirla? \ud83c\udf21\ufe0f\ud83d\udee1\ufe0f\u2728 Conoce m\u00e1s sobre esta infecci\u00f3n viral, sus s\u00edntomas y c\u00f3mo protegerte. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":264514,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12],"tags":[464,974,649,979,851],"class_list":["post-264513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-descubrir","tag-diarrea","tag-hepatitis","tag-higado","tag-ictericia","tag-virus"],"acf":false,"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - 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