{"id":6863,"date":"2018-02-16T12:12:45","date_gmt":"2018-02-16T18:12:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/liceaga.facmed.unam.mx\/revistas\/masalud\/?p=6863"},"modified":"2019-11-26T22:28:50","modified_gmt":"2019-11-27T04:28:50","slug":"cardiopatias-congenitas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/massalud.facmed.unam.mx\/index.php\/cardiopatias-congenitas\/","title":{"rendered":"Cardiopat\u00edas cong\u00e9nitas"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

Existen dos tipos de cardiopat\u00edas cong\u00e9nitas: acian\u00f3ticas<\/strong> y\u00a0cian\u00f3ticas<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

En las primeras, la sangre con ox\u00edgeno sufre una reacci\u00f3n anormal y pasa de las cavidades izquierdas a las derechas.<\/p>\n

Estas se subdividen en 4 tipos:<\/p>\n

– Persistencia del conducto arterioso (PCA)<\/strong>: en esta existe la persistencia de una arteria adicional que est\u00e1 presente durante la vida fetal y se cierra durante las primeras horas de vida.<\/p>\n

–<\/strong> V\u00e1lvula a\u00f3rtica bic\u00faspide<\/strong>: la v\u00e1lvula de la arteria a\u00f3rtica tiene solo 2 valvas de las 3 que un coraz\u00f3n normal deber\u00eda tener.<\/p>\n

– Comunicaci\u00f3n Interauricular (CIA)<\/strong>: en esta existe un defecto en la pared que separa las aur\u00edculas formando uno o m\u00e1s orificios y comunicando las aur\u00edculas entre s\u00ed.<\/p>\n

– Comunicaci\u00f3n\u00a0 interventricular (CIV)<\/strong>: existe una presencia de orificios en la pared que separa los ventr\u00edculos, permitiendo que ambos se comuniquen entre s\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Las cardiopat\u00edas cong\u00e9nitas cian\u00f3ticas se caracterizan por el hecho de que la sangre que llega al coraz\u00f3n sin ox\u00edgeno se mezcla con la oxigenada, esto a su vez, pasa a la circulaci\u00f3n sist\u00e9mica y provoca una coloraci\u00f3n azulada.<\/span><\/p>\n

Y estas se subdividen en 3 tipos:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Dextotransportaci\u00f3n de grandes arterias<\/strong>: las principales arterias del coraz\u00f3n cambian su lugar de origen, logrando que la aorta salga del ventr\u00edculo derecho y la pulmonar del izquierdo.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Tetralog\u00eda de Fallot<\/strong>: es un defecto de la pared ventricular, la aorta sale por la misma y la arteria pulmonar es m\u00e1s estrecha, el ventr\u00edculo derecho puede presentar un crecimiento, es la m\u00e1s com\u00fan en la infancia.<\/p>\n

– Tronco arterial com\u00fan<\/strong>: se trata de una gran arteria \u00fanica que sale de la base del coraz\u00f3n, de esta surgen las arterias coronarias, la pulmonar y la aorta.<\/p>\n

El 1% de los reci\u00e9n nacidos vivos son afectados por una cardiopat\u00eda cong\u00e9nita y su origen es multifactorial.<\/p>\n

Con informaci\u00f3n de los libros: Manual CTO de Cardiolog\u00eda (2017) y del Manual CTO de Pediatr\u00eda (2017), del Grupo CTO.<\/strong><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Existen dos tipos de cardiopat\u00edas cong\u00e9nitas: acian\u00f3ticas y cian\u00f3ticas. En las primeras, la sangre con ox\u00edgeno sufre una reacci\u00f3n anormal …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7224,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"

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